Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 4 de 4
Filter
Add filters








Year range
1.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 52(2)abr.-jun., 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1025093

ABSTRACT

Modelo do estudo: este foi um estudo ecológico transversal e descritivo. Objetivo do estudo: conhecer os determinantes sociais de saúde associados com a prevenção secundária do câncer do colo do útero no período de 2010 a 2014. Metodologia: a unidade amostral foi os 62 municípios do estado do Amazonas. Os dados secundários utilizados foram do Sistema de Informação do Câncer do Colo do Útero (SISCOLO), do Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica (SIAB), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e do Atlas de Desenvolvimento Humano do Brasil. Resultados: baixa cobertura do exame Preventivo do câncer do colo do útero para mulheres de 25 a 64 anos, sendo a faixa etária com menor adesão ao rastreio, a de 60 a 64 anos. A média de analfabetismo feminino na idade de 25 anos ou mais, no Estado, foi de 25,01%, e este indicador apresentou correlação com a baixa cobertura do exame Preventivo para o câncer do colo do útero em todos os anos. A pouca cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família também se associou a baixa adesão ao rastreio. Além disso, a Proporção de Municípios com Amostras Insatisfatórias dos exames citopatológicos apresentou-se acima da meta preconizada pelo Ministério da Saúde. Conclusão: estratégias de promoção da saúde voltadas a adesão ao rastreio devem considerar o nível de escolaridade das mulheres e o fortalecimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde pautada no rastreio não oportunístico; estas devem ser uma das prioridades das políticas públicas nos municípios do Estado.(AU)


Study design: This was a cross-sectional and ecological descriptive study. Study objective: Knowing the social determinants of health associated with the secondary prevention of cervical cancer from 2010 to 2014. Methods: The sample included the 62 counties of the state of Amazonas, and secondary data were used from the Cervical Cancer Information System, the Primary Care Information System, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the Atlas of Human Development of Brazil. Results: Low coverage of the preventive exam for cervical cancer for women aged 25 to 64 years was found. Also, the age group with the lowest adherence to screening was 60 to 64 years old. The average illiteracy rate among women aged 25 years and over, in the state, was 25.01%, and this indicator correlated with the low coverage of the preventive exam for cervical cancer every year. The low coverage of the Family Health Strategy was also as-sociated with low adherence to screening. The proportion of counties with unsatisfactory samples from the cytopathological examinations was above the goal recommended by the Ministry of Health. Conclusion: Health promotion strategies regarding adherence to screening should consider women's level of education, and the reinforcement of Primary Health Care based on non-opportunistic screening should be one of the priorities of public policies in the counties of the state. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Secondary Prevention , Social Determinants of Health
2.
Acta amaz ; 47(4): 331-340, Oct.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-885971

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is difficult due to the scarce number of drugs able to eliminate completely the intracellular form of the parasite. In the present study, the aim was to evaluate: i) phytochemical properties of extracts from Libidibia ferrea; ii) antileishmanial activity of extracts from L. ferrea against promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis; iii) the effects of topical treatment using hydrogel containing active extract of L. ferrea on golden hamsters infected with L. (L.) amazonensis. Extracts from leaves, branches and fruits of L. ferrea were obtained with hexane and methanol and were tested by in vitro assays in promastigotes and murine macrophages J774 experimentally infected with amastigotes of Leishmania. Groups of hamsters with CL received topical treatment with a formulation of extract (10%) hydrogels, 50 mg.day-1 for 40 days. In vitro activity of FrMeOH (methanolic extract from fruits without seeds) resulted in significant reduction of viable promastigotes of L. (L.) amazonensis (IC50 of 15.4 µg.mL-1) and demonstrated inhibition potential of amastigote forms of L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (V.) guyanensis and low cytotoxicity in macrophages. The overall data of topical treatment with extract hydrogels (GelFrMeOH) showed that lesion sizes were significantly reduced (42.78%), with low parasite burden by RT-qPCR and culture analysis by microscopy examination, and with histopathological findings such as lower inflammatory cell infiltration 40 days after treatment. Chemical analysis demonstrated FrMeOH contains high levels of phenolic compounds. The results indicate a possible alternative therapy for CL using phytotherapics.


RESUMO O tratamento da leishmaniose cutânea (LC) é de difícil resultado, devido ao escasso número de fármacos capazes de eliminar completamente a forma intracelular do parasita. No presente estudo, objetivou-se avaliar: i) propriedades fitoquímicas dos extratos de Libidibia ferrea; ii) a atividade antileishmania de extratos de L. ferrea contra promastigotas e amastigotas de Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis e Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis; iii) os efeitos do tratamento tópico utilizando hidrogel contendo extrato ativo de L. ferrea em hamsters dourados (Mesocricetus auratus) infectados com L. (L.) amazonensis. Extratos de folhas, galhos e frutos de L. ferrea foram obtidos com hexano e metanol e foram testados por ensaios in vitro contra promastigotas e macrófagos J774 infectados com amastigotas de Leishmania. Grupos de hamsters infectados receberam hidrogel tópico com extrato (10%), 50 mg.dia-1 durante 40 dias. A atividade in vitro de FrMeOH (extrato metanólico dos frutos) mostrou redução significativa de promastigotas de L. (L.) amazonensis (IC50 de 15,4 μg.mL-1), potencial de inibição de formas amastigotas de L. (L.) amazonensis e L. (V.) guyanensis (IC50 303,36 μg.mL-1) e baixa citotoxicidade em células de macrófagos J774. Os resultados destacaram que as lesões cutâneas de animais que receberam tratamento com hidrogel + extrato (GelFrMeOH) apresentaram redução significativa (42,78%), menos úlceração e redução da carga parasitária detectada por RT-qPCR, microscopia e análise em cultura e alterações histopatológicas, como menor infiltrado inflamatório após 40 dias de tratamento. A análise química demonstrou que FrMeOH contém altos níveis de compostos fenólicos. Os resultados apontam para uma possível terapia alternativa para CL utilizando fitoterápicos.


Subject(s)
Therapeutics , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous
3.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 31(supl.1): 7-10, dez. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-613485

ABSTRACT

Saimiri sciureus is a small New World primate (NHP) commonly called macaco-de-cheiro that inhabits the tropical forests of the Amazon basin. Anatomical features are not well studied in most primates, and the encephalic morphology and related structures are still quite unknown. Comparative anatomy of the meninges in South American primates is still scarce. Dura mater, arachnoid and pia mater are a group of stratified layers that surrounds and promotes protection to the medulla spinalis. This study aimed to shed light on the anatomy of dura mater in Samiri sciureus in order to contribute to the neuroscience in primates. We investigated three young females and two males of S. sciureus. Specimens were fixed through perfusion with a 10 percent formaldehyde aqueous solution. In S. sciureus encephalus few gyrus and circunvolutions, and a very delicate system consisting of eight sinus venosus was found between the dura mater layers. Based on our findings, we can conclude that the Saimiri sciureus dura mater is quite similar to other mammals, however we detected a new sinus venosus formation at the level of parietal bone, named sinus parietalis, what appears to be its first description.


Saimiri sciureus, com nome comum de macaco-de-cheiro, é um pequeno primata do Novo Mundo (PNM) que habita as florestas tropicais da Bacia Amazônica. Os detalhes anatômicos de primatas são pouco conhecidos e a anatomia comparada de animais selvagens da América do Sul é escassa, mais especificamente, sobre as meninges de PNM. Meninges pertencem a um sistema de membrana responsável por envolver e proteger o Sistema Nervoso Central; consiste em três membranas: dura mater, aracnoide e pia mater. Este estudo objetivou a elucidação do comportamento anatômico da dura mater de S. sciureus com o intuito de contribuir para a área de neurociências em primatas. Foram investigados três fêmeas e dois machos jovnes de S. sciureus. Os espécimes de meninges foram fixados por perfusão usando solução aquosa 10 por cento de formaldeído. O encéfalo de S. sciureus demonstrou um número baixo de giros e circunvoluções, e um sistema delicado de oito seios venosos foi verificado entre as camadas da dura mater. Baseados em nossos achados podemos concluir que a dura mater de S. sciureus é similar aos de outros mamíferos, no entanto, apresenta a formação de um novo seio venoso em nível ao osso parietal, sendo denominado de seio parietal. Isto parece ser a primeira descrição deste seio.


Subject(s)
Animals , Meninges/anatomy & histology , Saimiri/anatomy & histology , Arachnoid/anatomy & histology , Neurosciences , Pia Mater/anatomy & histology
4.
Braz. j. morphol. sci ; 22(4): 215-220, Oct.-Dec. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-468027

ABSTRACT

Cytochemical studies are used to identify fish leukocytes and as a basis for studying the functions of these cells in cellular immune responses. In this work, we investigated the morphological features and cytochemical properties of the blood cells in the armored catfish (Hoplosternum littorale), a South American teleost. Reticulocytes, which accounted for 8-24.6% of the red blood cell population, stained with brilliant cresyl blue and contained a granular material similar to residual RNA. Thrombocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, heterophils and eosinophils were identified and characterized in blood smears stained with May Grünwald-Giemsa-Wright. The lymphocytes were small, round cells with a basophilic cytoplasm and contained no periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), peroxidase or non-specific esterase activity. The thrombocytes were usually fusiform, with a hyaline cytoplasm that was acidophilic when stained with alkaline toluidine blue. The monocytes were round, with a basophilic and sometimes vacuolated cytoplasm that contained non-specific esterase activity. The neutrophils were large and round, with typical neutrophilic granules that sometimes showed moderate staining. The nuclei were rod-shaped and occasionally segmented, with PAS-positive granules that gave a weak reaction for peroxidase. The heterophils were large and round with coarse eosinophilic and basophilic, PAS-positive granules. The eosinophils were round and medium-sized, with eosinophilic granules that generally gave a negative reaction in all cytochemical stainings. The marked variation in the granulocyte morphology of H. littorale meant that a standard analysis based only on the morphology of these cells was insufficient for identifying all of the cell types.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Blood Cells/physiology , Blood Cells/chemistry , Leukocytes/chemistry , Histocytochemistry , Leukocytes/cytology , Immune System/cytology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL